General Information

General Information

DRAVP ID DRAVPe00837

Peptide Name Melittin

Sequence GIGAVLKVLTTGLPALISWIKRKRQQ

Sequence Length 26

UniProt ID P01501

Source Apis mellifera (Honeybee)

Activity Information

Target Organism JV,HSV, Influenza A virus, EV-71, RSV,VSV, HIV

Assay

Activity

[Ref.15081088]Junin virus(JV):inhibtion of JV infection in Vero cells(EC50=0.86 μM);
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1):inhibition of HSV-1 infection in Vero cells(EC50=1.35 μM);
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2):inhibition of HSV-2 infection in Vero cells(EC50=2.05 μM).
[Ref.31422545] GFP-fused influenza A (PR8):exerts antiviral activity in MDCK cells(EC50=1.15 ± 0.09 μg/mL);
Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71):exerts antiviral activity in HeLa cells(EC50=0.76 ± 0.03 μg/mL);
GFP-fused coxsakievirus (H3):exerts antiviral activity in HeLa cells(EC50=0.99 ± 0.09 μg/mL);
GFP-fused RSV:exerts antiviral activity in HEp2 cells(EC50=0.99 ± 0.09 μg/mL);
GFP-fused VSV:exerts antiviral activity in Vero cells(EC50=1.18 ± 0.09 μg/mL);
HIV-1 (NLHX):exerts antiviral activity in Vaginal epithelial cells (VK2)(EC50=2.4 μM);
HIV-2 (NLYU2):exerts antiviral activity in Vaginal epithelial cells (VK2)(EC50=3.6 μM).

Hemolytic Activity No hemolysis information or data found in the reference(s) presented in this entry

Cytotoxicity

[Ref.15081088]Vero cells:CC50=8.51 μM.

Binding Target Not found

Mechanism Melittin suppresses cell fusion mediated by HSV-1 syncytial mutants probably by interfering with the activity of the Na, K ATPase, cellular enzyme involved in the membrane fusion process.

Structure Information

PDB ID 2MLT

Predicted Structure Download DRAVPe00837

Linear/Cyclic Linear

N-terminal Modification Free

C-terminal Modification Amidtion

Other Modification None

Stereochemistry L

Physicochemical Information

Formula C131H228N38O32

Absent amino acids CDEFHMNY

Common amino acids L

Mass 2847.49

Pl 12.02

Basic residues 5

Acidic residues 0

Hydrophobic residues 12

Net charge 5

Boman Index -1482

Hydrophobicity 27.31

Aliphatic Index 135

Half Life

Mammalian:30 hour
Yeast:>20 hour
E.coli:>10 hour

Extinction Coefficient cystines 5500

Absorbance 280nm 220

Polar residues 6

Literature Information

Literature 1

Title Antiviral activity of antimicrobial cationic peptides against Junin virus and herpes simplex virus.

Pubmed ID 15081088

Reference Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2004 Apr;23(4):382-9.

Author Albiol Matanic VC, Castilla V.

DOI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.07.022

Literature 2

Title Melittin: a venom-derived peptide with promising anti-viral properties.

Pubmed ID 31422545

Reference Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020 Jan;39(1):5-17.

Author Memariani H, Memariani M, Moravvej H, Shahidi-Dadras M.

DOI 10.1007/s10096-019-03674-0